Student Voice - Pandora's Box or Philosopher's Stone Essay

Understudy Voice - Pandora's Box or Philosopher's Stone - Essay Example From this exploration unmistakably the advanced idea of permitting understudy association inside the field of training learning is generally new to UK, however the idea isn't new in different pieces of the world. Regardless of the different ongoing adjustments made inside UK instructive framework, it is seen that understudies are seldom approached to partake, along these lines remaining to a great extent unheard, during change forms. To make instruction progressively agent, perspectives on the understudies must be tuned in to and given its due significance. In any case, fusing student’s voice doesn't only include changing the aftereffects of the current instructive frameworks or finding goals to different existing issues. Rather, it manages altering forms, techniques through which the understudies can influence the course of instruction. Here the creators accepted that that UK instructive framework ought to be changed to such an extent that it would work according to the stude nt’s necessities, rather than the understudies altering themselves to the framework. Such extreme adjustments involve changes at practically all levels, including changes inside the essential UK instructive culture, and the connections between understudies, educationists, and the schools, where there must an attitude with respect to the educationists and strategy creators to tune in to the understudies. Understudies should fundamentally be energized with the goal that they are gotten all the more straightforwardly associated with dynamic procedures identified with their instruction. The thoughts of understudy voice incorporates different exercises that advance conversation, discourse, reflection and exercises on issues that are identified with students alongside its consequences for instructors, school staff and the encompassing society. Regularly this technique involves strategies like friend support, buddying, and different estimates that advance and permit the students to air their conclusions and realize different reasonable changes alterations. Such measures incorporate the development of the making of school understudy gatherings, educational committees having understudies as individuals, understudies as individuals from staff arrangement board, analyst understudy and the ventures for ‘child-to-child’ exercises that advance authority among the students, while supporting ‘active citizenship’ through the collaboration of these students in different network based exercises and activities (Futurelab, 2006). In its endeavor to acquire students’ voice, the UK Government has referenced completely its longing to make a more altered type of an instructive framework, where the method of educating would oblige the necessities of the understudies, and not the other route round. This would be particularly useful for

Business Research Method Research Proposal-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Business Research Method Research Proposal? Answer: Presentation Worldwide supervisory groups of an organization are the segment that works in taking care of the issues that are looked in the worldwide market. Their obligation is to deal with the companie assets in the worldwide level. There are a few Organizations like the Multinational Enterprises that are enormous worldwide associations that is joined in one nation yet work in worldwide level. A MNE can be distinguished from a portion of its significant attributes. These kinds of organizations are enormous in size and they work in worldwide level, however their exercises are principally controlled midway by their parent organizations. This paper will concentrate on the difficulties that are looked by the supervisory groups in worldwide degrees of their administration. As such, the paper will talk about difficulties of worldwide administration of the organizations working in the worldwide market. Writing audit is featured in the paper, before which, scope and the target of the task is additional ly introduced. Task Scope The task will be conveyed forward keeping its focal spotlight on the difficulties that are looked by the supervisory groups of the organizations in worldwide setting. Undertaking Objective To recognize the difficulties that is looked by the worldwide supervisory group far and wide. To getting ready new worldwide administration systems dispensing with the issues and to guarantee the development of the organization in the globalization showcase. To deal with the re-appropriating of development. Writing Review Difficulties in HR the executives The human asset supervisory crew of various worldwide organizations is as of now confronting difficulties because of the adjustments in the economy, household assorted variety, globalization and innovation. Every one of these progressions have set new requests before the business and pushed the field some completely new way. This is a significant test for the business as they need to get assortment of changes the association. With more noteworthy difficulties came new open doors for the HR and the association (Stone and Deadrick 2015). Difficulties in auxiliary level The multifaceted nature in the cooperation because of globalization expanded the difficulties for the Multinational Enterprises in overseeing them. The MNEs need to oversee two degrees of numerous embeddedness, one at MNE level and another at auxiliary level. So as to misuse likenesses and contrasts of their host areas adequately, they need to set their system as per that. On the auxiliary level, they need to adjust the interior and the outer embeddedness of the organization. In this way it makes the two difficulties and open doors for the organization, where the test lies in operational part and the open door then again is good to go development (Meyer, Mudambi and Narula 2011). The arrangement of abilities and the sanctions are required so as to acquire changes auxiliary level. An administrative coordination is fundamental for the reason which are association based, contract and experience coordination. Ramifications of these systems can bring about arrangement of the sanctions. It can likewise acquaint us with the new bits of knowledge into the misalignments which can turn into a helpful hotspot for recognizing the HQ commands and auxiliary activities. (Friesl and Silberzahn 2017). With the developing globalization of the business in todays showcase get intricacy Multinational Enterprises and features the difficulties of overseeing central station auxiliary connections. Hoenen and Kostova featured different auxiliary relationship issues in a wide scope of MNEs and presumed that execution of the organization hypothesis; explicitly late movement can propel the comprehension of the issue and give direction to settling it. Static multilateral, static two-sided, dynamic and social and logical floods of organization hypothesis can is recommended by the creators (Hoenen and Kostova 2015). Provincial administration communities are regularly supplanted by the territorial central command or the executives orders in the field of global endeavors. It is to work the auxiliaries. In the article, Multinational undertaking local administration habitats; Characteristics and exhibitions the writers have recognized a few contrasts in the attributes and the presentation hole among RMMs and RHQs. Longitudinal example of 855 Japanese RMCs in 41 nations has been utilized in the article for this. The creators proposed a basic supplement to local procedure expansions of the combination responsiveness structure and gave a significant huge example pattern. It results new hypothetical and observational investigation into MNE provincial administration procedure and structure (Chakravarty et al. 2017). Parrot (2013) featured the difficulties of mainstreaming microfinance and the job of socially dependable venture. It likewise coordinated delineations of the miniaturized scale credits created by the pilot and pointed the potential deals that will produce the advancement of lodging microfinance and the quantity of individuals will get affected. Difficulties in culturally diverse administration Lou in is article Toward a converse adjustment see in culturally diverse administration in 2016 distinguishes the need of keep up the autonomy of both worldwide and neighborhood level administration. He further expressed that, these worldwide MNEs frequently approach their nearby ability needs in an ineffective and ungraceful manner. On opposite, the MNEs can likewise make upper hand by adopting a worldwide strategy to its abilities. This change and development of neighborhood into worldwide ability requires attempt from a wide scope of corporate, individual and auxiliary level in social, basic, proficient, authoritative and casual viewpoints. As a worldwide association, the MNEs need to work in a worldwide level, accordingly, manage individuals of different geologies, yet additionally from different societies. This is a significant issue that each MNEs chief needs to confront. Besides, there are different issues are connected with the topographical and social marvels, which are, phonetic, spatial, political, monetary and cultural issues which should be managed a solitary HR plan. It places the administrator in a predicament to set up a procedure for all these (Allen, Lee and Reiche 2015). Difficulties in CRS CSR or Corporate Social duty is an ongoing pattern which picked up significance in 1960 and is firmly identified with the MNE business. It is the obligations to the general public and a huge segment of the partners past the investors of the association. So as to deal with the social commitments, distinctive MNEs have set up devoted hierarchical units to investigate the assortment of alternatives for their corporate commitment. MNEs must have expansive administration procedure so as to deal with the CSR issues. The sole explanation behind this is the MNEs need to work in a worldwide market in a wide land an area. Henceforth, they need to manage something other than one society. Different social commitments should be thought of while shaping the CSR arrangement of the organization (Wang et al. 2016). Lopez and Fornes (2015) in their paper Corporate social obligation in developing markets: contextual investigations of Spanish MNCs in Latin America talked about the CSR arrangements of MNCs in developing markets from created nations. They upheld their idea with eight contextual investigations which they gathered through inside and out meeting of the ranking directors. Their discoveries demonstrated that the MNCs under examination confronted comparative sorts of difficulties in shaping CSR strategies for their individual organizations. Assorted variety of culture and ethnicity of the working nations had danger for the organization to frame an appropriate CSR strategy which can be settled with the assistance of instrumental hypothesis. The hypothesis is guided by the key device to accomplish monetary target, positive connection between the budgetary presentation and them and utilize these to reinforce their notoriety (Lopez and Fornes 2015). Difficulties in lawful grounds As indicated by Gashu (2016), the organizations ought to work by the standards of the nation of origin just as the host nation and the universal laws. Which implies, that the organization should make an adaptable arrangement for the legitimate condition to deal with all the social orders under activity. They ought to likewise think about get ready separate adaptable and versatile law and other legitimate guideline for every general public. The information on the operational nations is basic for the administration of the organization to make these guidelines which can be a test. These laws and guidelines can likewise build the hazard factors for the nation as the financial specialists will pull back their branches from the separate nations if the laws don't fit productive for the organization. It impacts the organization in an indistinguishable way as they may lose a solid market for their organization. Moves identified with innovation MNE likewise faces difficulties in the innovative grounds which is a significant wellspring of financial bit of leeway for both the organization and the host nation. For that, the organization needs to have better innovative abilities in examination than the local organizations of the host nation as it leaves an open door for the organization to develop. It will likewise bring about increment in profitability (Narula and Driffield 20125). Difficulties in the ground of ability chase Another fundamental factor that assumes a crucial job in the achievement is the ability and here falsehoods the test. MNCs frequently go over rivalry for ability worldwide by expanding their endeavors in worldwide ability the executives. MNCs frequently fuse data and correspondence innovation to build the productivity of the key arrangement of Global ability the executives. Organizations face obstacle in this part, where they need to appropriately adjust these two for the accomplishment of the organization (Rul and Lake 2014). Difficulties in correspondence hole Klitmller, Schneider and Jonsen (2015) in their paper dealt with connection between media decision, language distinction and social categorizati

How a Family Alcoholism Intervention Works

How a Family Alcoholism Intervention Works Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print How a Family Alcoholism Intervention Works By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on January 31, 2020 fizkes / Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Sometimes when the addicts or alcoholics problems reach the crisis level, the only choice left to his family is professional intervention. What is a family intervention? Basically, it comes down to confronting the alcoholic with how his drinking has affected everyone around him. The alcoholics family, friends, and employers tell the alcoholic in their own words how his (or her) drinking has been a problem in their lives. But it is not as simple as that. If not done properly, a poorly-planned intervention attempt can cause the family more, deeper and long-lasting problems. Professional Help Can Avoid Disaster Interventions should be carefully planned and developed by professional substance abuse counselors who are experienced in such procedures. The only purpose of an intervention is to get the alcoholic to go into a treatment program. Most alcohol and drug treatment centers have counselors who are trained to help families prepare for the confrontation, which always takes place in a controlled environment, specifically selected to put the alcoholic in a position in which he is most likely to listen. Many times these interventions take place in the workplace, with the full cooperation of the employer. Sometimes, the intervention comes as a total surprise to the alcoholic, but recently new techniques have been developed in which the members of the intervention team tell the alcoholic that they are talking with a counselor about his drinking problem several days prior to the actual intervention. Do Family Interventions Work? With the new method, the alcoholic realizes that the most important people in his life are meeting about his problem, and when he is finally invited to the discussion, he does not feel as ambushed as with the earlier intervention techniques. If the alcoholic does decide to enter the treatment center, he is more apt to be less angry than with the former procedure of surprising him with the confrontation. He feels less manipulated and usually enters the program with the attitude of trying to get better from the start. With the old method, many times the alcoholic agreed to the treatment, but started the recovery process with an attitude. Some Risks Are Involved Professional intervention is not an option for every family and every situation. The decision to choose the intervention path is one that should be made carefully and with the advice of an experienced counselor. There are some potential risks. As one health care professional put it: There are a fair number of substance abuse treatment centers who have stopped doing these interventions because when the intervention fails, as it sometimes inevitably does, the family can be further torn apart by all the bad feelings about the intervention. Not a small point for a family already on the edge of destruction from having an actively alcoholic member. Dealing With a Failed Intervention The intervention may fail if the alcoholic doesnt make some important transitions during and after formal treatment, but the alcoholic identified patient may very well storm out of the intervention session and the family will have to pick up the pieces of a failed intervention on top of the rest of their problems. There are others who believe no intervention can be successful in the long run, because of their experience that most alcoholics cant be helped until they are ready to reach out for help on their own. Although the confrontation itself may, in fact, put the alcoholic in the frame of mind to be ready to get help, it can also be a point of resentment in the future. Success Depends on the Alcoholics Commitment There is no known cure for alcoholism. It can be treated, but never cured. The intervention will work only if the alcoholic becomes committed to never take another drink. If the alcoholics problems have progressed so that he has become a danger to himself or others, or if his alcoholism has reached the point that he is no longer capable of looking out for himself, an intervention can be a life-saving choice. But it is not a permanent cure. Only the alcoholic himself can turn a 28-day treatment program into a life-long program of recovery. Deciding to approach the alcoholic in your life with a confrontational intervention can produce some potentially very undesirable consequences.

A Time By Nandine Gordimer And The Lottery By Shirley Jackson

Speech 2015 Have you ever wondered why our society is built on about what other people think? Well it’s probably because they’re too afraid to stand up for what they think is right. During our generation the use of fiction has influenced us in such a way that it can mirror and reflect the fears that plagues our society to this very day. Two short stories that display this is Once Upon a Time by Nandine Gordimer and The Lottery by Shirley Jackson. The writers creation behind these stories helped engage people’s minds and enlightened them to the social concerns in a certain way that reality could not. They shaped fiction into a whole new direction that it reflected the cultural values, societal fears and the current events for the public to envision. Yet it also provided a mirror for real life. The short story Once Upon a Time was authored by a South African writer Nandine Gordimer originally published in 1989. The story is based upon how people can create their own downfall at which they cannot allow themselves to be ruled by fear all the time. The story politically relates to the apartheid which was a system of racial segregation. It was enforced through legislation by the National Party, who were the reigning party in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. It was then that the rights of the black inhabitants of South Africa had been decreased. Yet the white supremacy and Afrikaner minority rule was still maintained. Gordimer was born in a small South African town in the 1930s.

How to Convince Your Employer to Pay for Your Education

Why take out student loans when you could earn a degree for free? You may be able to save thousands of dollars by asking your employer to pay for your education through a tuition reimbursement program.   Benefits to the Employer Employers have a vested interest in making sure employees have the knowledge and skills to help them succeed at work. By earning a degree in a job-related field, you can become a better employee. Moreover, employers often see less turnaround and more employee loyalty when they provide tuition reimbursement for education. Many employers know that education is the key to on-the-job success. Thousands of companies offer tuition assistance programs. Even if no tuition program is in place, you may be able to present a compelling case that convinces your employer to pay for your schooling. Tuition Reimbursement Many larger companies offer tuition reimbursement programs for employees who take courses related to their work. These companies often have strict tuition-related policies and require that employees stay with the company for at least a year. Employers don’t want to pay for your education if you’re going to use it to find another job. Companies may pay for an entire degree or, more often, only for classes related to your job. Some part-time jobs also offer limited tuition assistance. Generally, these employers offer a smaller amount to help offset the cost of education. For example, Starbucks offers up to $1,000 a year in tuition assistance for qualified employees, while the convenience store chain Quiktrip offers up to $2,000 annually. Often, these companies offer financial help as a perk of employment and have less strict policies about the type of courses you can take. However, many employers require workers to be with the company for a minimum amount of time before becoming eligible for tuition reimbursement benefits. Business-College Partnerships A few large companies partner with colleges to provide workers with education and training. Trainers sometimes come directly to the workplace, or employees may in some cases enroll independently in courses from a specific university. Ask your company for details. Discussion Tips If your company already has a tuition reimbursement program or business-college partnership in place, visit the human resources department to learn more. If your company does not have a tuition reimbursement program, you will need to convince your employer to design a personal program. First, decide what classes you would like to take or what degree you would like to obtain. Second, create a list of ways your education will benefit the company. For example, Your new skills will make you more productive at work.You will be able to take on additional assignments.You will become a leader in the workplace.Your degree will improve the company’s professional image when you work with clients. Third, anticipate your employer’s possible concerns. Make a list of problems your employer may raise and think of solutions to each. Consider these examples: Concern: Your studies will take time away from work.​Response: Online classes can be completed in your free time and will give you skills to help you do better work.Concern: Paying your tuition will be expensive for the company.​Response: Actually, paying your tuition may cost less than hiring a new employee with the degree you are working on and training the new recruit. Your degree will make the company money. In the long run, your employer will save by funding your education. Finally, set an appointment to discuss tuition reimbursement with your employer. Practice your why-you-should-pay explanation beforehand and come to the meeting with your lists in hand. If you are turned down, remember that you can always ask again in a few months. Signing a Contract An employer that agrees to pay your tuition will probably want you to sign a contract. Be sure to read this document carefully and discuss any parts that raise a red flag. Don’t sign a contract that forces you to meet unrealistic terms or stay with the company for an unreasonable amount of time. Think about these questions when reading over the contract: How will your tuition be refunded? Some companies pay the tuition directly. Some deduct it from your paycheck and reimburse you up to a year later.What academic standards must be met? Find out if there is a required GPA and what happens if you fail to make the grade.How long must I remain with the company? Find out what happens if you decide to leave before the term is up. Don’t let yourself get locked into staying with any company for too many years.What happens I stop attending class? If health problems, family issues or other circumstances prevent you from finishing a degree, will you be required to pay for the classes you’ve already taken? The best way to pay for an education is to have someone else foot the bill. Convincing your boss to pay your tuition can take some work, but the effort is worth it.

Raoul Free Essays

Executive Summary FJ Benjamin is a Singapore based fashion and lifestyle company. The company distributes major clothing brands and accessories, and is one of the leading fashion distributors in Singapore. Their success is derived from their ability to secure distribution rights from major brands. We will write a custom essay sample on Raoul or any similar topic only for you Order Now FJ Benjamin introduced it very own house label, Raoul, in 2002. Raoul was created to increase the company? s portfolio as well as to diversify away from distribution risk. Raoul contributes a large percentage of FJ Benjamin? s annual revenue. With intensive competition in the fashion industry, Raoul must have it own identity in order to differentiate itself from the competitor. Analyses have been undertaken to determine what necessary strategies to be implemented to enhance the brand image so as to increase profits. Strategies are recommended by taking advantage of Raoul? s strengths and building on their weaknesses in order to take advantage of the available opportunities in the market and to defend it from threats. Studies of the internal and external environment had been conducted to be able to work with Raoul? core competencies to gain a competitive advantage over its competitors. This report concludes that Raoul needs to make adjustments on its marketing strategies, and maintain some of its current strategies, in order to be more competitive in the fashion market. Hence, it is proposed that (1) Raoul focus on a single-market strategy and focus on the local market as well as to create strong market commitment, to be able to serve customer better. (2) Introduce a new ecofriendly product line based on product improvement strategy, and offer product customization for current and new products, as well as enhance current product and services. 3) Maintain current product pricing, and implement price skimming strategy on new product line. (4) Maintain its efficient and cost effective distribution strategy. (5) Changes are to be made on its promotional efforts in order to gain max exposure possible. Benefits of the proposed recommendations would allow Raoul to achieve the proposed objectives which includes increasing in sales revenue, repurchase rate, and introducing a new product line within the next three years. It is there for proposed that the recommended strategies be implemented at Raoul to be able to reap in revenues as well as gaining a competitive edge in the fashion industry for a highly sustainable business. Over the last 20 years, Singapore has taken a great leap in its fashion industry. Singapore is recognised as the second largest fashion apparel business and sourcing hub in Asia-Pacific after Hong Kong. Special fashion events such as Singapore Fashion Week and Singapore Fashion Festival are some of the impressive achievements made in the fashion industry. These events played a critical role in portraying Singapore as a major fashion hub in the whole of Asia Pacific region. This also gives both local and international designers a platform to showcase their talents to the fashion industry in this region. Today, a total of 4,500 wholesalers, retailers, and manufacturers generate some $7 billion in operating receipts and $1. 2 billion in value added to Singapore economy. As Asian consumers become more affluent, they increasingly drive global demand. With Singapore? s strategic location, cultural affinity and connectivity with the region made Singapore an ideal place to serve as a test-bed to gather and analyse consumer insights, to develop products for the Asian market. This also made Singapore an optimum location for many companies to set a base in, managing and controlling their regional and global operations. . 0 Corporate Background F J Benjamin was founded in 1959 by Frank Benjamin, who came from a well-to-do family who have been in the fashion industry before World War 2. The company was initially FJ Benjamin and Sons but due to the nature of the business, where it positioned itself as a holding firm with subsidiaries, it was later renamed to FJ Benjamin Holdings Ltd in 1993 (Wan g 2009). The company started of dealing with photographic equipment, and everyday novelties such as paper products as well as pots and pans. However, in the 1960s, the company started to modernise its operations by entering into partnerships with many fashion labels, by importing and retailing designer jeans. The success motivated Benjamin to focus his business on the fashion industry. The company brought in brand names such as Lanvin, Gucci and Fendi in the early 1970s, and was a big player of the fashion industry in Singapore (Wang 2009). FJ Benjamin was listed on the SGX in 1996, before the Asian financial crisis, posting a net loss of over $40m in their first financial year; it was mainly due to high operating expenses and fixed cost. The profitability of the company continued into the early 2000s, where they lost major brand names such as Gucci, Lanvin and Fendi. The company learnt to diversify away from distributorship risk by developing its own brand, thus the creation of Raoul. 1 Company Present Operation Business Core Today, FJ Benjamin has operations in eight cities worldwide, including Singapore, Sydney Australia, Jakarta Indonesia, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia, Taiwan and Bangkok Thailand carrying over 20 brands and has over 180 retail stores in the Asia Pacific region. FJ Benjamin focuses on 3 core business; fashion retailing and distribution, timepiece distribution, and licensing and design: (FJ Holdings Limited 2009). ? Fashion retailing and distribution core – Acquired rights to distribute major fashion labels across the South East Asia and the Pacific region ? Exclusive distributers of timepiece – Acquired rights to distribute timepieces in the South East Asia and the Pacific region ? Licensing and Design – Has a design division to design for Guess Kids and its own house label, Raoul However, they also have their fair share of failures, one example was with the Manchester United brand and Devil? Bar that were unprofitable, which the company had a joint venture with CEO of St James Power Station, Dennis Foo. The company dropped the Manchester United brand name and closed all its retail stores and cafes. Current Developments FJ Benjamin is benefiting from Singapore? s healthy economic growth. With Singapore transforming into a tourism hub, and the opening of Marina Bay Sands (MBS), the company had took advantage of the influx of visitors and has opened four new retail stores at the MBS, including brands names like Guess, Banana Republic, La Senza and Raoul; totalling the number of stores in Singapore to 32. The management was optimistic with its new stores as it was able to secure attractive rental rates at MBS and would be able to benefit from the ever growing number of tourist. The company also stand to avoid other competition with the opening of new shopping malls in Orchard Road and other shopping districts in Singapore (FJ Holdings Limited 2009). Future Developments FJ Benjamin had secure exclusive distributorship for high end brands such as Goyard, Givenchy and Dewitt, building the company? s brand portfolio to more than 20 reputable brand. The company? success is evidenced by its ability to attain distributorship of French luxury giant Moet Hennessey Louis Vuitton? s (LVMH) Celine and Givenchy; this is only the beginning of their collaboration with LVMH (FJ Holdings Limited 2009). 2 Company’s Milestones Achievements FJ Benjamin have made its mark in Singapore and have been contributing much to the fashion industry and providing various lifestyle products [See Appendix 1]. Corporate Vision FJ Benjamin? s vision is to be a global company ? Dedicated to delivering their promise to their customers by fulfilling their lifestyle aspirations ? Committed to talent development Delivering sustainable and superior returns to their shareholders Corporate Mission FJ Benjamin? s mission is strive to lead in everything they do ? Implementing brand strategies with deep market penetration ? Delivering superior customer service with long-term customer loyalty ? Empowering employees to deliver value processes for phenomenal growth ? Pursuing best-in-class economics with strong margins Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) FJ Benjamin has been committed to various charities in Singapore since the company was founded in 1959. The company believes that charitable giving is a necessary element of CSR. The company? s Charitable Giving Committee is made key employee of the company. The committee meets on a quarterly basis to review the company? s charitable initiatives and approves all charitable giving. The company sets aside up to 1% of its net profit for a fiscal year, in forms of monetary or in-kind gifts. FJ Benjamin? s charitable objectives includes, supporting good causes relating to health, education, arts and/or the community in Singapore. The company also encourages and supports projects and activities that helps strengthen in which their employees work and live in. FJ Benjamin? Contributions to the society [See Appendix 2]. Company Structure FJ Benjamin Holding employs a divisional structure that is divided according to geographical region and further subdivided into countries and product [See Appendix 3]. In the South East Asian region, the company branch out to various countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. Each country would then be fragment bas e on products, e. g. Timepieces, Investment and Concepts (FJ Holdings Limited 2009). 3 As of financial year end 2009, Douglas Benjamin is the Chief Executive Officer for FJ Benjamin Singapore. Mr. Douglas oversees the operation in Singapore, directs the international expansion of Raoul house label and heads the Raoul design team as a Creative Director. Douglas Benjamin has strong experience in brand management and development of retail distribution thereby allowing the company to expand quickly into various regions within eight years and having a diverse range of products (Star Creation 2010). The senior management board in Singapore includes Samuel Benjamin, Quah Kim Tong and Matthew Chan (FJ Holdings Limited 2009). Samuel Benjamin is the Group Director of Timepiece and the Senior Vice-President of FJ Benjamin Fashion U. S. Inc. He joined the company Fashion division in 1991 and has more than 19 years of experience in the retail industry (FJ Holdings Limited 2009). Quah Kim Tong is the Director for Wholesale. He administers the logistic/ distribution center in Singapore, plus the distribution business of Sheridan and Guess Accessories. He started his career as a product manager in 1982 and steadily moved up the corporate ladder. Matthew Chan is the Divisional CEO of Fashion and Corporate Services. He oversees the day-to-day running of the fashion retail in Singapore, as well as the managing the back end support services in the company. Mr. Chan joined the company back in 2006, providing strong organizational and financial knowledge from his past experience as Director for Head of Channel Acquisitions and Head of Acceptance with American Express. Key stakeholders FJ Benjamin key stakeholders are directly affected by the company? s performance, which includes: ? Customers who purchase products from various SBU ? Employees – Management staff to salespeople ? Licensors who sell the distribution rights to FJ Benjamin ? Retail malls that leases out spaces for company? s retail division ? Investors who own FJ Benjamin? s corporate share ? Creditors – Banks ? Shareholders ? Government agencies which may require the company to abide/ conform to accounting standards, taxation regulations and employees? CPF ? Trade unions which may certain framework that the company needs to work within; such as working hours and minimum wage 4 Financial Performance Financial Year Profits after tax and shares 2005 4. 26 million 2006 10. 17million 2007 1. 47millon 2008 14. 8 million 2009 (2. 66 million) Table 1 Financial performance of the past 5 years The growth from financial year 2005 to 2006 was mainly attributed by attainting the distribution rights for Gap and Banana Republic in Singapore and in Malaysia. During the same year, other SBUs, namely Raoul and Timepieces started its expansion into the Middle East and Thailand (FJ Benjamin Limited 2006). T he significant growth from 2006 to 2007 was further encouraged by the optimistic economies and mainly by the conversion of warrants to share (FJ Benjamin Limited 2007). The decline in profit for 2007 to 2008 was caused by the subprime crisis in America, the increasing inflation rate that reduced consumer spending power and the high volatility in the financial market. It was also noted that, FJ Benjamin exited from the Thailand market due to the political instability and shut down two timepiece shop in Hong Kong due to poor results (Leong 2010). On the other hand, the company reassured shareholders through their diversified portfolio of brands and vigilant cost discipline; the company business is still viable (FJ Benjamin Limited 2008). As of financial year end 2009, FJ Benjamin had made a net loss of $2,661,000 compared to a net profit of $14,804,000 in 2008. The loss in 2009 was caused by the financial crisis. FJ Benjamin minimizes their financial risk by ensuring that there is sufficient cash reserves to meet any unforeseen circumstances and is committed to a low gearing ratio. 5 Breakdown of Financial Result Liquidity ratio Current ratio Quick ratio 2009 2. 11 times 7. 8 2008 1. 67 times 14. 7 Table 2 Financial results – Liquidity Ratio The liquidity ratio refers to the company? ability to meet its short term obligation (Madura 2007, 580). As compared to 2008, the current ratio has increased but it is still within the healthy range of 1 – 2. Excessive liquidity could imply that the company may have excessive cash or stocks in inventories (Madura 2007, 580). Leverage Ratio Debt/Equity ratio 2009 2. 13 2008 1. 14 2009 -2. 02% 2008 10. 65% Table 3 Financial results – Leverage Ratio Return on Eq uity Table 4 Financial results – Return on Equity Return on equity measures the return of investments in the firm for the shareholders (Madura 2007, 586). Although losses were made in 2009, the company has since been making steady progress in their quarterly financial results as show in Figure 1. 2009 Earnings per share (cents) 2008 -0. 47 2. 61 Table 5 Financial results – Earning/share Earnings per share serve as an indicator for the company? s profitability. Since in 2009 losses were made, it is accepted that the earning per share would decrease significantly as compared to 2008. Figure 1 Analysis of Financial Results Despites the losses made in 2009 due to the financial crisis, FJ Benjamin has since been making steady progression. For first quarter 2010, a net profit of $459,000 was made, followed by the second quarter with a net profit of $1. 72 million and latest financial results for third quarter 2010 showed a net profit of $3 million. 6 The company is financially sound; based on the breakdown of ratio, financial reports and third party recommendation for investors to invest in the company. FJ Benjamin has recently secured license for Goyard, a French luxury retail brand and has intention to introduce three other new brands in 2011 (Seow 2010). Currently the company has plans to expand into China and widen its existing market in US and Europe (Leong 2010). . 2 Strategic Business Unit Fashion FJ Benjamin? s fashion retailing includes prestigious line such as Guess, Celine, La Senza, Banana Republic, GAP and Raoul. It takes up two-third of its profit turnover through fashion retailing (Wang 2009). Timepieces F J Benjamin held exclusively rights to distribute timepiece brands such as Bell Ross, GirardPerrega uz, Guess, Chronotech, Victorinox Swiss Army, Marc Ecko, Rado and Nautica (FJ Benjamin Holdings Ltd 2009). Timepiece contributes about 30% or one-third of FJ Benjamin? s profit turnover through retailing (Wang 2009). Creative Licensing FJ Benjamin? s creative and licensing division has conceptualized and developed house brand Raoul and has licence to create original designs and manufactures merchandise, such as Guess Kids. 7 2. 3 SBU BCG Matrix The following is the tabulated values for BCG matrix analysis, for the breakdown of calculations [see Appendix 4]. Largest Competitor 2009 2008 RMS Growth rate % Total Fashion $48. 92 $203. 40 $226. 30 4. 17 10% 68. 00% Timepieces $35. 87 $94. 30 $113. 40 2. 59 17% 31. 00% Licensing $14. 80 $2. 20 $2. 70 0. 20 20% 1. 00% Table 6 BCG matrix analysis Star Question Mark Dog Growth Cash Cow Relative Market Share Figure 2 BCG Matrix This shows that Raoul is considered a cash cow of FJ Benjamin? s business with high relative market share and average industry growth rate. Raoul is currently positioned under a maturity stage where growth rate and market share may decline into dog in the next few years. Therefore, new marketing strategies are needed to maintain the Raoul? s position by altering the product, price, distribution and promotional strategies to increase growth and maintain its current market share. 8 3. 0 SBU Raoul Situation Analysis Raoul is the brainchild of creative director Douglas and Odile Benjamin (Raoul 2008). Currently Raoul is one of the most profiled fashion brands coming out of Asia. It is being known as a stylish, innovative fashion brand offering high quality accessible luxury products to their consumers. Raoul? s is designed, manufactured, and retailed under a corporate vertical marketing system with is solely owned by FJ Benjamin (FJ Holdings Limited 2009). 3. 1. 1 SBU Culture FJ Benjamin believes that Raoul can help them move up a level from being a brand distributor to a brand owner. Frank Benjamin claims that in fashion today, there is no shortage of brands and there would be market that Raoul can cater to (Sim 2009). Raoul has created a new history for Singapore by introducing luxury fashion-forward corporate wear at an affordable price to business executives in Singapore. Raoul has become a renowned homegrown label that is now known to many business executives that demands style in corporate wear. (Smart lines for business times n. d. ) Raoul has such a strong influence in Singapore that local Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong wore a pink Raoul tailor shirt during his National Day Rally Speech. Therefore, with a strong culture and adequate support from the parent company and local government, Raoul culture can become part of the Singapore heritage brand (Jalal. 2010). 3. 1. 2 SBU Resources Tangibles Resources Physical Physical refers to the equipments, furniture, retail outlet which can use to grow or sustain the business. With 24 Raoul flagship stores in Southeast Asia and Dubai, the company is still looking to expand its geographical footprint. Currently, FJ Benjamin occupies the second floor of the â€Å"The Alpha† at the Science Park. It is filled with show boutiques and workrooms. It is used by the company’s visual merchandising team for training purposes and doubles as an impressive space for press samples (Simon 2009). This allows Raoul? s staffs to provide quality service to the consumers by using boutiques to train, giving them a chance to experience in a real life scenario. The availability of showroom allows Raoul to customize its concept layout before executing on the actual shop front. 9 Technological With the help of FJ Benjamin? s support in terms of finance and experience, Raoul is able to fully utilize technology to help Raoul perform more effectively and efficiently. Raoul also has its very own Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system. CRM system is effective in increasing spending per customer, by tracking the spending patterns of customers, increasing the efficiency of marketing communication strategies. In addition, the front-end point-ofsales system has been upgraded to integrate with the CRM to improve in-store service quality (FJ Benjamin 2008). Sales Force Automation (SFA) is combined with CRM system to record stages of a sales process. It helps to manage customers? contact for future follow ups through contact management system. SFA would increase productivity and allow salespeople to utilize their time efficiently and effectively. SFA can help increase customer satisfaction which leads to increased customer loyalty and in return, high profit margins. Technology used on Supply Chain Management has improved the efficiency of the back-end support. Having implemented a new auto replenishment system, Raoul has been able to make inventory distribution more efficient. This help to save time and labour cost to keep track on all the movement of stocks and can provide a more accurate prediction of the delivery time (FJ Benjamin 2008). Financial FJ Benjamin achieved three consecutive quarters of earnings recovery in the first nine months of Financial Year Jun10. Earnings surged from a loss of $0. 1m for Financial Year Jun 2009 to a net profit of $5. 2m for Financial Year June 10 (Lee 2010). The outperformance in core earnings was driven by an improvement in gross profit margin, reflecting FJB? s strengthening brand portfolio and astute merchandising capability, as well as rising consumer demand (Lee 2010). In June 2010, the group? s turnover from the fashion business was flat at $49. m, with the marginal increase in the Southeast Asia markets offset by the slide in the Australian market. Geographically, sales in Southeast Asia rose three per cent, with fashion up two per cent (Seow 2010). As economics begin to recover, consumers? confidence begin to rise so purchasing increases. 10 Organization There are 9 directors on the board, consisting of Executive Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, Independent Director, Execu tive Director, Non- Executive Deputy Chairman and Non- Executive Directors [see Appendix 5]. In Singapore, there are 2 members on the senior management, consisting of the top management, such as Group Director and Wholesale Director FJ Benjamin adopt Traditional Organization Structure (Subhash and Haley 2009, 207), where different departments concentrate specifically in an area which they are an expert in it. Therefore, it helps Raoul to have a strong management team, which can grow Raoul to the next level and sustain a competitive edge. Intangibles Resources Goodwill As mentioned in section 4. 1 FJ Benjamin has been proactive in its CSR. This helps project a positive image of FJ Benjamin to the public. Therefore, in the future they can do a combine sponsorship with Raoul to increase brand exposure and awareness. Goodwill are intangible assets, this includes the company being in a dominant market position by building a positive brand image, create a positive reputation and increase consumer confidence of the company (Reference for Business : Encyclopedia of Business, 2nd ed n. d. ). Under the context of Raoul, they continuously explore different strategies where they aim to ecome a global renowned luxury brand that is recognised both regionally and internationally. As shown in appendices [see Appendix 6], Raoul had participate in numerous fashion events where they are able to showcase its products with other major luxury brands in the world. This would create a perception that Raoul as an international luxury brand. In Singapore, FJ Benjamin also creates a positive image by supporting and grooming Asian talents to bec ome professional designers. Raoul had also won numerous prestigious awards, portraying that Raoul is a prestigious brand to Singaporeans. Innovation FJ Benjamin? s expertise and capabilities in original design manufacturing allows the company to create its own house-brand, Raoul. FJ Benjamin is committed to deliver innovative and differentiated products to the market. Raoul aims to create and deliver new value-added products and invest in research in order to respond to the ever changing needs of consumers. 11 Knowledge/Skills FJ Benjamin has rich experience in marketing and distributing luxury products. This makes FJ Benjamin an industry leader for building brands and management. This can help Raoul has a clear directions and a strong strategy to grow the brand. FJ Benjamin place customer service top on their priority list, therefore, every year they will send their staffs for upgrading or training to increase their service quality. After years of hard work, in 2009 FJ Benjamin won â€Å"Best Service Provider in the Industry† award. In retail, FJ Benjamin has a rich experience in marketing and advertising campaign to expand its market share. They also have the capital to heavily advertise Raoul on traditional print such as fashion magazines, newspapers, posters and billboards (Wong and Lim 2009). . 1. 3 SBU Stakeholders Stakeholders hold an important to affect Raoul? s ultimate growth. Raoul needs to take in the view of the interest of their stakeholders in order to have a positive growth. Stakeholders can also influence the directions of Raoul. The stakeholders are further classified into 4 different groups: Classification of Stakeholders The Communit y The Customers / Partners The Competitors The Investors ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Government regulators Media General public Shopping Mall Developers Shopping Mall Management Employees Fashion Designers Customers prospects Strategic alliances partners Raw Materials Suppliers Insurance Company Supply Chain/Freight Forwarding Company Schools (e. g. School of Business, School of Art and etc) Direct Competitors (e. g. Massimo Dutti, G2000 Black Label) Non- Direct Competitors/Substitutes Board of directors Investment Analysts / Financial Consultant Shareholders/Investors Table 7 Classification of Stakeholders 12 3. 1. 4 SBU Performance Raoul entered into the fashion industry at the right time, where men have been paying more attention of their looks. With the successful launch and business, Raoul has also further strengthened its well established values (Sunny Side Up: Start your day the Kim Eng Way 2010). Financial Year Profits after tax and shares 2005 724,200 2006 1,728,900 2007 3,649,900 2008 2,516,000 2009 (452,200) Table 8 Financial Performance for the past 5 years Base on assumption from the above financial year performance under section 1 with Raoul having a financial contribution to FJ Benjamin profit of approximately 17%. From 2005 to 2007 shows a steady increase mainly attribute by positive financial economies. From 2008 to 2009 a dip in Raoul? s sales was caused by financial crisis across the world. As of June 2010, FJ Benjamin recorded a net profit of $8,260,000 from a net loss of $2,661,000 in 2009 (FJB Singapore 2010) and Raoul accounts for approximately 15% – 20% of FJ Benjamin? s sales revenue, it is clear that FJ Benjamin wishes to take this opportunity to venture into other big market to increase their revenue and market share. 3. 2 SBU Customers Characteristics Segment 1 Segment 2 Working Adults Generation Y Sex Male and Female Male and Female Age 36-60 22-35 Education ;gt;Diploma gt;Degree Monthly Income ;gt;$3800 ;gt;$2800 Purchasing Power High Medium – High Benefit Sought Seek Prestige Services ; Product Seek Individualism, Status ; Self Quality Image VALS Innovators Achievers/Experiencers Lifestyle Factors Traditionalist Modernist Brand Loyalist Opinion Leaders Opinion Leaders Early Adopters Purchase Frequency Occasionally Occasionally Occasion of Use Work Work an d Social Size 65% 35% Demographics Description Table 9 SBU Customers 13 3. 3 SBU Competition 14 Table 10 SBU competition 15 3. 3. 1 Current Product Positioning Quality +ve Price -ve + ve -ve Figure 3 Current Product Positioning Purple: Raoul, Blue: Massimo Dutti, Orange: G2000 Black Label The above shows the current position of Raoul and its competitor, Massimo Dutti and G2000 Black label. Raoul currently offers high quality products at a mid-range price, while competitor such G2000 Black label offers slightly lower priced and quality clothing. Massimo Dutti offers slightly lower price and same quality clothing as Raoul. 16 3. 4 Key Findings PESTLE Environment Political Political Stability and Risk Political stability and risk varies between countries in the region. Singapore has very little political issues compared to neighbouring countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and Thailand. Singapore is rank 1st in Southeast Asia as the least corrupted country and 4th worldwide. Low degree of social unrest, political sovereignty, conflicts and low government interventions, makes Singapore a safe place for any business operation. As indicate in the World Bank? s Doing Business Report, Singapore is the world? s easiest place to do business in the year of 2009 and 2010 due the political stability of Singapore. Economic Singapore? economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and inflation rates, consumer purchasing power and the standard of living in Singapore are part and parcel of the economic environment. In May 2010, Singapore topped the list of world? s most competitive nation in the World Competitiveness Yearbook. Singapore dethroned USA as from its 16 year reign (Lim 2010). Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Singapore? s GDP expanded strongly b y 15. 5% in the 1st quarter of 2010, it exceeded the projected 13. 1% estimates. On a quarterly basis the Singapore economy grew 38. 6 %, 6. 5% more than the government? s estimates (Howells 2010). According to World Bank, Singapore GDP is worth 182 billion dollars or 0. 29% of the world economy (Singapore GDP Growth Rate 2010). Singapore has a highly developed and successful freemarket economy and it soared above 30% in the first quarter of 2010, the manufacturing sector growth was doubled as compare to previous quarter of the year recovering from a 2. 8% drop in fourth quarter of 2009. The growth of the manufacturing sector accounts for up to one quarter of the country? s economy. This would cause the projected forecast of the GDP to increase to up to 9% in 2010 (Adam 2010). Inflation Rates As of 2010, Singapore? inflation rate is 1. 6% (Singapore Inflation Rate 2010). Inflation is an increase of overall price level in the country. This would increase the cost of living as products/services would now cost more than previous years. It is interrelated to the Consumer Price Index, which will be further discussed in the next section. 17 Consumer Price Index The current CPI of Sin gapore is 1. 6%, it is the measures of inflation rate, where measures consumer prices that the price changes in a fixed amount of consumer goods and services that are commonly purchased over time (Singapore Department of Statistics 2010). CPI is influenced by lifestyle, income level, household composition and consumer preference (Singapore Department of Statistics 2010) this also determines the quality of life of Singaporeans. This relates to the increasing trend in Singaporeans having higher spending power, where cost of consumer products are increasing; resulting in the increase in inflation rate. With the increasing cost of living and quality of life, Singaporeans have more disposable cash to spend on better quality products which would aid the sales growth of Raoul. Socio-Cultural Social Attitudes Singaporean has a „fear of losing? attitude, which is frequently used to describe the social attitude of Singaporeans. This refers to people who desire to always want to be first, the best and never losing out. This could be a positive attitude that reflects the high standards of Singaporeans; however it could lead graceless image to the society. It also strongly reflects on the Singaporean work ethics and competitiveness. ‘Face’ This is an important value amongst Singaporeans. It refers to saving and maintaining „face?. Singaporeans typically are not expressive in their ehaviour and emotions and do not criticize others openly in public; to avoid losing face. Losing face will lead to damage to one? s reputation, credibility and authority in the social and working environment. Technological Factor Technological Infrastructure Broadband infrastructure in Singapore allows for better global networking for businesses that enables better customer support. With the support of such technology, Supply Chain Management (SCM), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Sales Force Automation (SFA) and Point of Sales (POS) system are made easier. Thus, allowing Raoul to operate more effectively and efficiently in Singapore. Furthermore, the government introduced the next generation high-speed fibre optic broadband (Next Gen NBN 2010). 18 Legal Factors Singapore Legal System Singapore? s legal system is English common law and has a strong regulation in place protecting consumer and company. Raoul, being a domestic brand would receive stronger support from the government. Singapore also has an additional Islamic law to cater to the Muslim community. Since, Singapore? economy is highly dependent on the revenue from import and export, it is important to implement proper regulations to protect the safety of Singapore. Also in terms of employment policies, firms need to consider the working hours and wages rate of the employees. Environment Factor Environmentalism There is an increasing trend green consumer in the global segment and since Singapore being one of the countries that is actively involved; environmentalism becomes an op portunity for Raoul to introduce environmentally friendly products as recommended in products. Targeting environmentally conscious consumers, where they are more willing to pay for greener products. Green Movement Singapore is highly involved in going green and government bodies that are responsible include National Environmental Agency (NEA) and Environmental Challenge Organisation (ECO). The NEA signed the Singapore Packaging Agreement with 5 industry associations, 19 individual companies, 2 non-governmental organizations, the Waste Management ; Recycling Association of Singapore and 4 public waste collectors on 5 June 2007 that aims to reduce packaging waste over a 5year period. It encourages the flexibility for the industries to adopt cost-effective solutions to reduce waste (Singapore Packaging Agreement 2008). ECO launched the „Million Acts of Green? Singapore Campaign to spur a national green movement by getting Singaporeans to think and act green in their day-to-day lives. Million Acts of Green Singapore is targeted at both Singaporeans and businesses with the aim of getting them to register their green acts and sustainability ideas on the millionactsofgreen. sg website (ECO Singapore 2010). 19 3. 5 Internal Analysis – TOWS Matrix Analysis Table 11 Internal Analysis – TOWS Matrix Analysis 20 4. 0 SBU Objectives and Goals Table 12 SBU Objectives and Goals 21 5. 0 Recommended Strategies Recommendations have been made in order for Raoul to achieve their objectives and goals. 5. 1 Market Strategies Market-Scope Strategy It is recommended that Raoul should focus its strategy on a single market basis, where Raoul can gain competitive advantage of being able to adaptive and responsive to market opportunities threats to successfully remedying any possible changes in policies. Thus, Raoul will be able to capture the market and better serve the customers, at the same time experiencing higher profits while keeping the cost down while prices are kept high. Market-Geography Strategy Currently, Raoul has existing plans for expanding its business geographically. However, this report recommends that Raoul should return to the most traditional form of local-market strategy. As a home grown brand by a local company, F J Benjamin, it can gain competitive advantage of serving a narrow geographic area within Singapore. This can emphasis more interpersonal service with local consumers that can induce beliefs into consumers to motivate them in buying and supporting local produce. Market Commitment Strategy It is recommended that Raoul should create strong commitment with the potential consumers, where Raoul needs to create a firm foundation of operations within the market and amplifying its own economies of scales in promotion, distribution, manufacturing and promotion. This would in turn create high barrier to entry and competitors would have difficulties in challenging Raoul? s existing system. Creation of strong commitment can also be enhance with development or new products, improving product quality and increasing budget for sales force personnel. Raoul can work its product line with a more environmental approach. Such as usage of organic cotton in manufacturing of the apparels and recyclable shopping bags, to promote the eco-friendly line, to the consumers that are committed in saving the environment. Allocating resources to train retail associates can create a wholesome retail experience for the patrons of the boutique and would increase product and brand loyalty. 22 5. 2 Product Strategies New Product Strategy: Improvement ; Positioning The introduction of eco-friendly clothing aims to attract new consumers from the targeted segment. In Singapore context, organic cotton wear is still a relatively new concept. Currently there are not many fashion retailers providing formal wear made of eco-friendly materials. By being the first to introduce, Raoul could gain to attract a greater awareness for its own brand name and products. The eco-friendly clothing would help Raoul in attracting a larger number of potential consumers from the identified target segment. Quality +ve Price -ve + ve -ve Figure 4 New Product Positioning Green: Eco-range positioning It is recommended that Raoul maintain its product positioning for the current clothing line. However, with the launch of eco-range, quality of product should be improved so as to differentiate the product from the competitors. Price of eco-range should increase so as to in-line with the new product pricing strategy (Price Skimming). 23 Value-marketing strategy: Product and Service Differentiation To differentiate its customer service from other fashion retailers, Raoul could offer complementary beverages for shoppers as well as offering image consultation service. The image consultant would make recommendations to consumer based on their needs, based on their body contour, purpose of occasion and nature of job scope. The consultation service is an optional product aimed at building the brand image and is subjected to charges. Product-design strategy: Product Customization Raoul should adopt standardise customisation to gain the extra competitive edge and to maximise benefits. Product customisation would aid Raoul in showcasing itself as a quality provider thereby differentiating the brand and increasing consumers? commitment to the brand. Standardise products refer to the clothing offered such as shirt, pants and blouse. Customisations could be done on various levels: ? At a basic level, clothing could be tailored in terms of length to meet basic expectations of consumers. ? At an intermediary level clothing could be tailored to meet specific needs of consumers, such as broadness of the lapel, thickness of shoulder padding in jackets, allow requests for particular colour and particular material for clothing like cashmere Lycra as well as embroidery of customers? initials on clothing. 24 5. 3 Price Strategies With reference to the PESTEL analysis, Singapore has a stable economy; does not face drastic changes in the environment. It is recommended that company should maintain the current pricing strategy for current products and use price skimming strategy for the new eco-friendly clothing. Maintaining Current Pricing Strategy It would allow Raoul to maintaining its position in the marketplace and enhance public image. The benefit of maintaining price is appropriate when Raoul cannot anticipate the reaction of customers and competitors? price change. Furthermore, with this strategy it can further enhance the Raoul? public image New Product Pricing It is recommended that due to the uncertainty of consumers? demand and competitors? responds to the new eco-friendly range, that Raoul should use price skimming strategy to gain maximum revenue prior to competitors? respond with similar products. It not only serves customers who are less price sensitive, while there are demands for eco-friendly clothing in the early stage of the Product lifecycle, but also recovers the high cost of R;D used to develop eco-friendly clothing, and high promotional cost incurred to education consumers on the need to go green. . 4 Distribution Strategies Corporate Vertical Marketing System (VMS) Figure 5 Corporate VMS Raoul currently uses a Corporate VMS. As seen on the above figure, Raoul? s products are designed, manufactured and retailed under a single ownership of FJ Benjamin. It is recommended that the distribution strategy remains the same as Raoul would have greater control over the entire distribution chains. This would eliminate the need of slow-moving suppliers for raw materials. New products designs shaped in Raoul? design centre at the â€Å"Alpha† as mentioned in section 5. 2. 1, and new designs 25 feed into Raoul? s manufacturing centres and is distributed directly to its retail outlets. This saves time, cost and keeps inventories low. 5. 5 Communication Strategies Raoul needs to further improve their current strategies and introduce new strategies to increase their market share and consumer base. Advertising A good advertising is able to stimulate interests and could lead to sales. It is able to influence customers? erception of Raoul and is able to reach out to more audience at a lower cost. Traditional advertising (Magazine) The use of traditional advertising such as magazines will be an effective medium for Raoul. Raoul could advertise in both male and female and luxury magazines such like HerWorld, Elle, Cleo, August Man, Prestige and L? Officiel, as these are the magazines that have readers that are similar to that of Raoul; targeted consumer s get the latest information on fashion trends. Outdoor advertising and informative advertising In order for Raoul to introduce eco-friendly clothing, they have to do informative advertisements to generate environmental awareness among the public. Raoul can portray a positive brand image by introducing an eco-friendly range of clothing, and informing the public of the need to protect the environment through sustainable means. For instance, they are could place advertisements along high end shopping districts like Orchard Road, Marina Bay as well as the Central Business District areas to be able to attract attention of potential targeted consumers. However, special attention has to be made as not to place posters at cluttered environment as people may not notice the posters. Placing huge posters of bright green and earthy colours would draw consumers? attention, followed by a few informative words that explain the need for using organic materials which are biodegradable and pesticide free, such as organic cotton, to reduce environmental impacts. 26 Personal Selling strategy In retail line, personal touch and customer service is essential, and would differentiate Raoul from the rest of its competitors. It is recommended those salespeople are trained to be able to interact well with customers, as a good salesperson would be able to close higher sales, and customers are usually loyal to the person who provides the service, and may not be loyal to the brand. Therefore, more resources should be allocated in training of salespeople. Building Relationship through Database Marketing and CRM Building up a relationship with consumers with aim to retain consumers and increase their level of satisfaction. Raoul can implement customer loyalty programs so as to have a long-term valued relationship. This could be done by constantly sending update to their consumer through email or direct mail whenever there is any new launch or sales. Alternatively, Raoul could send birthday cards and offering birthday discounts to consumers on their birthday month. This will create a sense of belonging for the customer and further encourage return sales. Collaboration with designers In order to attract eco-conscious consumers, Raoul can collaborate with renowned designers to come up with a new series and designs made from organic materials. By taking a proactive approach in saving the environment, it projects a positive image of the brand. In addition, they are also able to educate the public on the need to save the environment. Product Packaging To be line with the eco-friendly range and promotion, purchase of any clothing in stores will be packaged with recycled paper wraps and paper bags. In addition, with purchase of eco-friendly apparels, customers will be issued a specially designed recycled cloth bag with a green theme. Those special eco-bags should be able to attract potential buyers? ttention as well as raise awareness of the need to go green. 27 6. 0 Implementation Program An implementation table has been drawn up for the recommended strategies. IMPLEMENTATION AND CONTROL TABLE STRATEGY WHERE DATES HOW TO IMPLEMENT BUDGET CONTROL MECHANISM Market 1. Scope – Single Market 2. Geography – Local 3 years 3. Commitment – Strong 3 years Market Research on ideal store locations 3 years Singapore I sland-wide Market Research Integrate CRM system Sales return – if segment is not profitable then use market haversting strategy $1,000,000 Outlet sales figure – close outlets that are less profitable due to customer traffic Measuring repurchase rate – if repurchase rate is low, $500,000 consider using market haversting strategy Product Reviewing current product to come Nov 10 – Jan 11 up with improvements to restore product to health 1. New Product Positioning 2. Value-Marketing – Product ; Service Differentiation Training and development of staff Work closely with customer to review the progress of the product until completion that meets customer’s specification. On going 3. Design – Customization On going How to cite Raoul, Papers

The Decisions to Bomb the Serbs Essay Example For Students

The Decisions to Bomb the Serbs Essay THE DECISION TO BOMB THE SERBSThe Decision to Bomb the Serbs was a very interesting case study. It was hard for me to choose a case study but after reading my top three choices I finally came to a conclusion. I never knew about this particular topic, but as I read I was impressed with it, which brought this question to my mind. Should the US have intervened to prevent or end violations of human rights in Kosovo, when these violations did not directly affect other American interests? This was one of the many questions that I and the American public asked themselves, their congressmen and ultimately, their government, during the chaos in the Middle East. It must have been a difficult task to decide whether or not to take action against Milosevic in Belgrade. In this case there are many underlying concepts that shape the way in which the events that led to the bombing of Kosovo played out. I will attempt, in this paper, to discuss the different themes that played a role in this case study. We will write a custom essay on The Decisions to Bomb the Serbs specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It was thought that the Kosovo crisis came at a time when the President of the United States was most distracted, and could easily have made the wrong decisions. Based on the severity of the situation in Kosovo, one would need to focus on the negotiations necessary to find peace. The Clinton Administrations primary focus was on the pending impeachment of their leader. The case against President Bill Clinton required his undivided attention, as it pertained to his promiscuous actions while in office. The lack of personal attention to this crisis as it developed, may have been the triggering factor that led to many deaths and violent acts of crime that took place in Kosovo. The decision to bomb was one that could not follow the rational method of decision making, even though the goals, alternatives and consequences were known. The US government knew what the primary goal was pertaining to Kosovo, they needed to negotiated or come to some form of middle ground with Milosevic, allowing for peace. They had alternatives to the negotiation process, which was to take military action. The consequence of taking these actions would be the repercussions of the bombings. Even with all this known, it would still be impossible to follow the rational decision-making model as defined by Charles Lindbolm. However, a more appropriate method would be the Branch Method. The possible outcomes and contributing factors would be broad and have to be considered, as different situations become evident. The Presidents top aides and Secretary of Defense did not appear to create a plan to deal with the crisis. Their strategy lacked definition, consistency and persistence. Numerous threats were made to the President of Yugoslavia, but none were enforced. NATO was dependent on the United States, in conjunction with them, bringing Milosevic to an understanding without war, so their actions were limited. There were plenty of assumptions made regarding the personality and conscience of Milosevic, those that negotiated with him remembered different aspects of his demeanor, which eventually led to a lot of misunderstandings and incorrect assessments of his position on the issues. As President Clinton did not have direct interaction in the negotiations or the process being taken to form peace, he was given reports from varies parties, regarding the situation. Unfortunately, the lines of communication were blurred and thus, President Clinton received cloudy information that often was based on speculations and past encounters. Nothing appeared to be solid, reliable information, which in turn led to unreliable choices and decisions. .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 , .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .postImageUrl , .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 , .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0:hover , .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0:visited , .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0:active { border:0!important; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0:active , .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0 .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8f1c28052707700f0be68744bfe713e0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What is popular culture? EssayOften in bureaucracy, information tends to follow very slowly; in this case, it was very inconsistent. The threat made by the Bush Administration, promised unilateral military air strikes, if no action was taken by Milosevic to comply with NATOs demands. This threat was further re-affirmed by the Clinton Administration, but later decided that it should be ruled out. The primary concern here was the potential endangerment of US troops and allies in neighboring cites. My second issue with this case is the potential appointees Mr. Richard C. Holbrooke and Mr. Robert S. Gelbard that participated in the negotiation. Mr. Robert S. Gelbard was probab ly not a good choice for a negotiator. Gelbard seemed to use personal differences when dealing with the situation at hand. He expressed his personal feelings about the situation to Milosevic, which was inappropriate given the severity and sensitivity of the issues. Mr. Holbrooke depended solely on personality traits of Milosevic, which were displayed in earlier years. His advice to the President was unreliable, in the sense that it lacked actuality. He believed that with much conversing and numerous threats, Milosevic would back down. With every other factor hinging on this information, little was done to stop the situation from exploding into the massacre that it became. The Clinton Administration followed the rational decision-making method, without considering the effects it would have made. The magnitude of the Kosovo incident was greatly underestimated. Due to lack of personal involvement and undivided dedication to the issues and the blow-by-blow escalation of events, by the President, the decisions made were poor in quality. When using the Branch method of decision-making, one must extensively consider the external environment of the situation. Within moments, the plan leading toward the decision could be changed. The Clinton Administration in its self, lacked efficient communication. The Secretary of Defense didnt bring detailed information to the aides and those involved in briefing the President. It was as those, the information was being pieced together by numerous persons as they received it. The organization of those assigned to deal with the problem was extremely in need of restructuring. The lack of communication between the allies and NATO was also a major contributing factor to the overall outcome. The rebels pushed ahead and began their personal war on Milosevic, causing retaliation of his officers, resulting in more deaths of the innocent. In my opinion, the steps taken by the Clinton Administration, NATO, and those appointed to assist in the resolution of the Kosovo crisis, were unorganized and poorly done. There was a gap in the communication that was needed to complete such an unpredictable task. There was no set structure to solving this problem, as it was indeed a complex one. However, steps could have been taken to avoid the unnecessary destruction of more Kosovo homes and families. Milosevics decision to not cooperate was in no way a contributing factor to the internal problems of the US government. Had they developed a contingency plan or made the decision to abide by previously made threats or decisions, there may never had been as many murders as there were. I am not sure if all the events that occurred could have been avoided, but it was definitely necessary to at least try to prevent the outbreak of violence that occurred. To say that the Presidents lack of interest in the Kosovo events was intentional is f ar beyond truth. However, I believe that due to other pressing issues that directly affected the American public and their government, the Presidents lack of involvement was a major factor in the outcome. In making decisions, those that have the authority to make the decision should be well informed and dedicated to the progress of the situation prior to making any decisions.

John Williams essays

John Williams essays To think of timeless music, music that has survived for twenty, thirty, even hundreds of years; one cannot help but think of Bach, Mozart, and Beethoven. But that leaves a question in the mind, What has happened to classical music and where is it going. Earlier this century where Stravinsky, Sousa, Gershwin all the way to Bernstein who died in 1990. Tragically today, one might think of Yanni or John Tesh as composers; however, many critics agree that new age music will not stand the test of time. Only a certain type of composer nowadays can reach the fame and recognition that composers of the past have enjoyed, and that is scorers. The top echelon of these composers includes the likes of Hans Zimmer, Steven Schwartz, Jerry Goldsmith, and even Elton John. The most popular and successful composers this century have given the public unforgettable melodies to unforgettable movies and TV shows. As was said in the third episode of Dawsons Creek, Dawson, romance doesnt always come with a John Williams score. Without a doubt, the most successful of these scorer slash composers is John Towner Williams. John Williams was born in 1932 in New York to Johnny and Ester Williams. His father was a successful jazz drummer who had worked for CBS and NBC. In 1948, he moved to Los Angeles and graduated High School in 1950 after performing and composing for the school band. Only a year later at UCLA, he composed a piano sonata that was pretty successful for a nineteen year old. In 1952, John was drafted and then discharged in 1954 when he went to study at the Julliard School of Music making ends meet as a jazz pianist. Later, he hooked up with Alfred Newman at Twentieth Century Fox and began an unstoppable wave of compositions, scores, and awards. In the sixties, John wrote themes and scores for TV including: Lost in Space, Bob Hope Chrysler Theatre, Land of the Gia ...

Creative Ideas for Elementary Classroom Bulletin Boards

Creative Ideas for Elementary Classroom Bulletin Boards Classroom bulletin boards are a great way to display student work in an organized and attractive manner. Whether youre creating a seasonal board, teaching board, or bragging board, its a fun way to dress up a plain wall to correlate with your teaching idea or style. Back to School These back to school bulletin board ideas are a great way to welcome students back for a new school year. Teachers Corner offers a variety of ideas such as: A Brand New Bunch of _______ Graders.Recipe for a Great School Year.Blast off to a Great Year.Checkin and Check Us Out. Welcome Back.Darting into a New Year.Look Whos Hanging Out in _______ Grade.Quack, Quack Welcome Back.Stepping in _______.Welcome Aboard______.Welcome to a Fin-Tastic Year. Birthdays A birthday bulletin board is a great way to honor and celebrate the most important day in your students lives. Help make you students feel special, and use the ideas from the Teachers Corner to help celebrate their birthday. Ideas Include: Eating Our Way to Another BirthdayBirthday TrainA Sea of BirthdaysHappy BearthdayMonthly Birthdays Seasonal Your classroom bulletin board is the ideal place to educate your students about the seasons and upcoming holidays. Use this blank slate to express your students creativity and display their best work. DLTK-Teach lists monthly bulletin board ideas by title and theme. Some ideas include: January - New YearFebruary - Pinch Us Were in LoveMarch - St. Patricks Day - Our Little LeprechaunsApril - Some Bunny Loved MeMay - Fluttering into SpringJune - Sailing into SummerJuly - Under the Summer SkySeptember - Welcome to Our SchoolOctober - Are You Scared?November - Give ThanksDecember - Its Snow Secret End of the School Year If you are looking for a way to wrap up the school year, or help students look forward to the next school year, this bulletin board website shares great ideas such as: Were Antsy for ______ Grade.This Year Flew By...Our Summers Looking Bright! Miscellaneous Bulletin Boards After scouring the internet, talking to fellow educators and gathering some ideas of my own, board the following is a list of the best miscellaneous board titles for elementary classrooms. I was Caught Doing Something Good.Dive into a Good Book.A Tee-rific Class.Mrs.____Great Catch.Go Bananas for School.We Present You with Our Wishes for Christmas.Welcome to ______School. You fit right in!Look Whoos in Our Room.When We Learn We Grow.Mrs._____ Class is in Full Bloom.Look Whos Been Spotted in ____.Buzz on into _____ Class.A Fresh Bash of Smart Cookies.School in September is TREE-Mendous.Surf on into _____.Look Whos Hiding in the Pumpkin Patch?Good Work Has Been Spotted.This Year is Going to Rule.Popping Through Our _____.Wild About Learning.Were on the Road to_____.Camping Out Under the Stars.Hop Into Learning. Tips and Suggestions Here are some helpful tips to help you improve and create effective classroom displays. Use borders to frame your display. Some unique ideas include Christmas lights, tassels, paper shapes, beads, monopoly money, feathers, rope, pictures, muffin cups, vocabulary words, etc.To make your display stand out use a creative background. Some fun ideas are to use a checkerboard pattern, polka-dots, a plain black background,  tablecloth, newspaper,f abric, wrapping paper, cellophane, netting, a brick pattern, etc.Be creative with your letters. Use different items to create words such as glitter, yarn, string, magazine letters, shadow letters or sand.

Review the business proposal submitted by other Learning Team Essay

Review the business proposal submitted by other Learning Team - Essay Example This statement is apparently used to remove the idea of the tacit collusion that is generally associated with price leadership in oligopolistic markets. The paper also assumes applicability of the Kinked demand curve model for this case. The paper states that the Chrysler Group LLC’s revenue can be increased by escalating the efficiency of its operations and the quality of its products, services, and marketing strategies. This is a generic statement that needs to be elaborated. Secondly, the paper assumed applicability of the Kinked demand curve which argues that where a â€Å"kink† does exist then a marginal change in cost structure or marginal change in revenue structure will not be immediately reflected in a new quantities sold or price for the given item. The paper does not use the Kinked demand curve model in its argument. It is true that in oligopolistic markets firms have mutual interdependence. Also, a major downside of using the Kinked demand curve model is that the model does not show us what causes a new equilibrium price and quantity to be achieved, and how that happens. Nevertheless, we disagree with the paper’s analysis that because of the above two reasons, the company cannot determine the price and output level for which it can maximize its profit. The paper could have used other models such as the Cournot-Nash model that looks at firms competing on the basis of quantity. The paper therefore does not clearly state its way to establish the profit maximization quantity. The automobile industry is a typical example of a differentiated oligopolistic market. Naturally, this would mean firms have to compete on their products differentiated attributes. The author’s example of the Pentastar V6 engine illustrates this. Patenting the Pentastar V6 engine is a great example of creating an entry barrier to firms seeking to enter the market. These firms will be forced to invest heavily in Research and Development in order to come up with

How a Person Should Be Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How a Person Should Be - Essay Example The perception of our parents and often those of moral philosophers are shaped by the religion that they follow. Muslim parents would raise their parents in the Islamic way while Jewish parents would want their children to uphold the Jewish ideals. Even if people around us reject religion, they follow a certain moral philosopher or leader to define how a person should be raised.When I take into consideration all these views, I am often overwhelmed by these ideals. During my high school days, this overwhelming feeling often crowded out my thoughts. I was unable to decide who to follow. Incidentally both of my parents had different views about what kind of a person I should be. Since I loved my parents and other people around me who wanted to define the ideal for me, I was unable to decide how to become the ideal person for everyone. The question was how could I satisfy the ideal me for everyone around me?This question developed a rebellious streak in me and I believe this happens to m any people today. When this happens, children often begin to do completely the opposite of what is expected of them. If their parents want them to excel in studies, they go out of the way to flunk in their subjects. Though, my case never went this bad, I was able to reconcile the ideals of the different people surrounding me. I was able to do this because of one of my teachers who sat down with me and explained that every one of the people who have expectations with me wants me to be a better person. They love me and feel responsible for me. In such cases, the better person conforms to their own perception of the ideal person. When I was given this assignment, I recalled these incidences and felt that this assignment would help me understand this concept further. To further understand what people expect from other, I met with different kinds of people including my own parents to understand their ideals of what a person should be like. In this paper, I will present the main points of these differing people by discussing their own opinions and views. I will begin with my father. My father is a liberal person. He does not strongly believe in any religion. He would rather advocate the benefits of science and technology rather than religion. Therefore, it is not surprising that he wants me to excel in life and attain the most of life. He wants me to get the best education and get into the field of technology; since according to him, it is the most rewarding field nowadays. He has always indulged in my interests of computers and all other things technology related. He wants me to attend the best university. All of my life, my father expected me to excel in studies. He kept a check on my academic performance and was quick to reprimand in case I did not do so well. It was probably these high expectations from my father that forced me to rebel during my high school days. However, it was my mother, who prevented me from going over the edge. She became a source of strength for me. My mother, in all of this, loved me

Congestive Heart Failure: Complications and Affects

Congestive Heart Failure: Complications and Affects Congestive heart failure is a cardiac disease that causes many complications and affects many individuals in multiple ways. Aspects of ones life that are impacted by CHF are: activities of daily living, including social, family, and spiritual involvement. It can be very difficult for someone with heart failure to manage the disease and deal with the complications both physically and emotionally. However, there are some preventative measures that can be taken to avoid such extremes. Nurses play a huge roll when caring for a patient suffering from heart failure. It is important that they understand how this disease is affecting their patient beyond the cardiovascular system, and to be aware of interventions that will improve the outcome of their patients health. A patient presents to the clinic complaining of dyspnea, fatigue, weakness, swelling in his feet so bad that he is unable to put his shoes and he has a persistent cough. The nurse quickly assesses the patient and expresses her concerns of the probability of heart failure to the physician. The physician further assesses the patient and begins to get a history of the patients onset of symptoms. It is discovered that the patient has gained about five pounds in the last three days despite not being able to eat very much food. As the doctor auscultates heart sounds, he notes that his patients heart rate is very rapid. After careful consideration the physician diagnoses the patient with heart failure. Now what? The nurse must anticipate the level of care her patient is going to require while considering the many effects the diagnosis of heart failure is going to have on the patient. We would like to take this opportunity to now explain exactly what heart failure is, the details of its dive rse effects, and describe the care expected. Heart failure is a clinical syndrome that results from the progressive process of remodeling, in which mechanical and biochemical forces alter the size, shape, and function of the ventricles ability to fill and pump enough oxygenated blood to meet the metabolic demands of the body. Seventy five percent of heart failure cases are caused by systemic hypertension (Grandinetti, 1974/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2010). A third of patients experiencing a heart attack will also develop heart failure; another common cause is structural heart changes such as: valvular dysfunction especially pulmonic or aortic stenosis which leads to pressure or volume overload on the heart. (Grandinetti, 1974/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2010). However, those are not the only risk factors. Other serious risk factors that nurses should be aware of are: coronary artery disease, irregular heartbeats, diabetes, medications used to treat diabetes such as Avandia or Actos, sleep apnea, congenital heart defects, viruses, alcohol, certain kidney conditions, and of course, genetics (Mayo Clinic, 2010). As you can see, CHF is a very intricate disease process that involves more than just the heart muscle itself. Complications from chronic heart failure take a serious toll on a patients ability to perform ADLs without becoming short of breath or easily exhausted. The patient may have activity limitations demonstrated by the avoidance of walking long distances, walking up stairs, or exerting themselves because they become dyspenic very easily. The nurse must assess the patients ability to perform minor tasks such as putting on shoes. Since heart failure can lead to severe swelling especially in the feet and ankles, the patient may not be able to put his or her shoes on without assistance or in some cases a specially designed shoe may be necessary. It is also important that the nurse inquire the patient about the ability to perform simultaneous arm and leg work, such as carrying groceries. This type of activity may place an intolerable demand on the failing heart (Ignatavicius, 1991/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2010). Congestive heart failure does not solely affect the patients ability to perform activities of daily living, yet it affects other portion of life such as their family, social, and spiritual lives. Patients with advanced CHF often require help with daily tasks (i.e. making food, getting dressed, running errands, housekeeping); and family members often help out by doing these tasks for their loved ones. If the patient lives with a family member, that person may also be responsible for further management of cares in the home. This requires the family to be willing to learn about the disease process, and when it is necessary to call the health care provider or bring the patient into the hospital. This can cause a great amount of stress on the family member due to the responsibility of managing care. The fact that the patient may not be able to perform tasks on their own may lead to frustration which can further lead to self isolation due to the fact that they dont want to be bothersome no r embarrassed by their deficits. This is damaging to their social life and may cause depression. While the patient may be struggling with managing their social lives and trying to remain as independent from family members as possible the patient may turn to their religion. They may turn to their faith and pray more in hopes that it will benefit them and make it easier for them to deal with losing their independence. Spiritual well-being is an important, modifiable coping resource for depression, but little is known about the role of spiritual well-being in patients with heart failure (Bakelman, 2010). However, hope is a major indicator of ones wellbeing. This is especially true for patients with heart failure. Those who are hopeful tend to feel better and are more socially involved (Ignatavicius, 1991/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2010). Another factor that plays a major role in how patients with heart failure manage their care is the cultural background which they are from. For instance, those in minority communities may require more direct contact and consistent encouragement to follow the recommendations for treating their disease. A 2006 study concluded that: Nurse management can improve functioning and modestly lower hospitalizations in ethnically diverse ambulatory care patients who have heart failure with systolic dysfunction. Sustaining improved functioning may require continuing nurse contact (Sisk, 2006). It is not well understood why this is, but it may be likely that those patients who reside in minority communities do not have access to the types of health promotion and prevention programs as those who reside in a more socioeconomically stable community. Moving on now to the psychological effects that disease casts upon its victims; many patients with heart failure are at risk for anxiety and frustration. They may experience symptoms such as dyspnea, which further complicates their anxiety level. Those who are dealing with an advanced disease are certainly at high risk for depression. It is not certain whether the function impairment contributes to the depression or the depression affects functional ability. It is thought that those who are rehospitalized for an acute episode of heart failure are more likely to be depressed (Ignatavicius, 1991/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2010). Nurses may help these patients with alternative coping methods. It is important to keep in mind that nurses have a great amount of responsibility when it comes to prevention and treatment for those suffering from heart failure. Preventative measures that can be taught and reinforced to clients are: to quit smoking, control certain conditions such as hypertension, stay physically active, eat healthy foods, maintain a healthy weight, and tips for reducing and managing stress (Mayo Clinic, 2010). Treatment for these clients is generally directed by the physician, but the nurse reinforces the treatment plan and continues to guide the care throughout its course. Treatment often starts with conservative measurements such as treating the underlying cause, for example, a rapid heart rate or repairing a heart valve (not as conservative). But for most people, treatment involves a balance between the right medications and in some cases devices that help the heart beat and contract properly. Medications often used are: ACE inhibitors, ARBs, Digoxin, beta blockers, diuretics, and aldosterone antagonists. If medications alone are unable to treat the disease, other forms of treatment such as coronary bypass surgery or heart pumps may be used (Mayo Clinic, 2010). Furthermore, nurses must continue to intervene and assess the patients response to prescribed treatments. As mentioned before, nurses can educate their clients on the measures taken to prevent heart failure. Even more so, if the patient already has heart failure, the nurse shall administer medications as prescribed, place the patient on physical and emotional rest, while continuing to monitor for their therapeutic response to the medication and reducing the workload of the heart to increase its reserve. The nurse shall also monitor for complications such as excessive fluid volume, by weighing the patient daily and carefully assessing for lung sounds that would indicate fluid buildup (i.e. crackles in the lung fields) (Grandinetti, 1974/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2010). Another nursing intervention that may be useful in helping the patient to manage their care at home is to teach them about MAWDS, an acronym that stands for Medications, Activity, Weight, Diet, and Symptoms. This module is an easy way to teach patients about medication usage, recommended activity level, maintaining weight and the boundaries for weight loss and weight gain, a heart healthy diet, which includes low sodium (2-3gms) and fluid restrictions, as well as symptoms that should be noted and reported to the physician immediately (Ignatavicius, 1991/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2010). This is a very concise and understandable tool that is beneficial to both the nurse providing the education and the patient required to remember and comply with the self-management techniques. It is critical for nurses to understand the care needed to manage the patient with heart failure. They must be able to comprehend all aspects of its affect upon the patient in order to know how to direct them toward the right health choices and to know when to intervene to prevent complications. As we have discussed heart failure affects more than just the patients cardiovascular system, and there are many other factors that are involved in the disease process as well. Lifestyle changes must be made and maintained, those in minority communities may need more frequent contact to manage their care, and the health care provider must also remain aware of the psychosocial effects such as depression. Once these factors are understood to the best of their knowledge then improvement and management of this dynamic disease can be attained. Even if this means aggressive treatment because the conservative course did not serve its purpose as expected. Sometime drastic measures must be done. Eithe r way nurses shall continue to provide teachings and management strategies to improve the outcome of their patients care. References References Bakelman, D. B. (2010). Spiritual Well-Being and Depression in Patients with Heart Failure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 22(4), 470-477. Grandinetti, D. (Ed.). (2010). Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice (9th ed.). Ambler, PA: Wolters Klewer Health, Lippincott Company. (Original work published 1974) Ignatavicius, D. (2010). Medical Surgical Nursing: Patient-Centered Collaborative Care (6th ed.) (L. Henderson, Ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier. (Original work published 1991) Mayo Clinic. (2009, December 23). In Mayo Foundations for Medical Education Research (Eds.), Heart Failure. Retrieved February 19, 2011, from Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-failure/DS00061 Sisk, J. E. (2006). Effects on Nurse Management on the Quality of Heart Failure Care in Minority Communities. Annals of Internal Medicine, 145(4), 273-283.